Aoozu Billahi as-Samee al-Aleemi minash Shaitanir Rajeem
Bismillah,…, Alhamdulillahi wahdah was salaatu was salaamu ala man la nabiya ba’adah
Rabbish sharah li sadri wa yassirli amri wahlul uqdatam min lisaani yafqahu qauli
As Salaamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu
Pichle Dars me hum Surah al-Baqarah ki 26wi ayat ki tafseer me lafz-e-kaseera par tafseel sunn rahe thay. Aaj ke dars me hum lafz-e-fasiqeen ki tafseel jaanenge.
Tarjuma wa Tafseer
Vs. No. 26
اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يَسۡتَحۡـىٖۤ اَنۡ يَّضۡرِبَ مَثَلًا مَّا بَعُوۡضَةً فَمَا فَوۡقَهَا ؕ فَاَمَّا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا فَيَعۡلَمُوۡنَ اَنَّهُ الۡحَـقُّ مِنۡ رَّبِّهِمۡۚ وَاَمَّا الَّذِيۡنَ ڪَفَرُوۡا فَيَقُوۡلُوۡنَ مَاذَآ اَرَادَ اللّٰهُ بِهٰذَا مَثَلًا ۘ يُضِلُّ بِهٖ ڪَثِيۡرًا وَّيَهۡدِىۡ بِهٖ كَثِيۡرًا ؕ وَمَا يُضِلُّ بِهٖۤ اِلَّا الۡفٰسِقِيۡنَۙ
Yaqeenan, Allah Ta’ala iss baat se nahi sharmaata ke machhar ya uss se badh kar koi cheez ki misaal bayan farmaye, jo momin hain, wo yaqeen karte hain ke ye unn ke paalne walay malik ki taraf se haq hai, aur jo kafir hain wo kehte hain ke iss misaal se Allah Ta’ala kya kehna chahte hain? Iss se Allah Ta’ala bohoton ko gumraah karta hai aur bohoton ko hidayat deta hai aur gumraahi me wo unhi ko mubtala karta hai, jo sarkash hain, fasiq hain, na-farmaan hain.
Iss ayat me samajhne ke saat alfaaz me se hum, chhe alfaz yastahyyi, yazrib, baoozah, Al-haq, arada aur kaseera ke maane jaan chuke hain. To iss ayat ka saatwa lafz, aur surah al-Fatiha se parrhne ki tarteeb ka lafz number 129, al-fasiqeen hai.
129. AL-FAASIQIIN ( The Transgressors ) 2:26 ( اَلْفَاسِقِيْنَ ( ف س ق
Dr. Anees sahab apni kitab explanatory dictionary of The Holy Quran me likhte hain ke, lafz-e-al-Fasiqeen ka root ya maddah (ف س ق) hai, jis ke maane ‘The Transgressors’ ya hum urdu me bhi fasiqeen hi kehte hain, yani ‘Allah ke raaste se hatt jaane wala’ ya ‘gunah-gaar’, ya ‘bad-kaar’ ke aaye hain. Quran me issi root se banay doosre construction me;
- Surah al-Kahf me farmaya, Aur yaad karo jabke Humne farishton ko hukum diya, Adam ko sajdah karo, to sab ne sajdah kiya magar Iblees ne na kiya, wo jinno me se tha, chunache uss ne na-farmani ki apne paalne walay malik ke hukum ki,
- Kya tum uss ko aur uss ki aulaad ko Mere siwa dost banate ho,
- Halanke, wo tumhaara dushman hain,
- Kya hi bura badl hai unn zalimon ke liye.[1]
- Iss ayat me, Rab ki na-farmaani karne ke maane aaye hain.
- Surah Yunus me farmaya, Issi tarah tere paalne walay malik ki baat sach sabit huwi na-farmaan logon par, ya hadd se guzar jaane walaon ke liye ke wo iman nahi layenge.[2]
- Ab yahan fasiqeen ya na-farmaan logon ka description aa raha hai ke ye kya kya harkatein karte hain;
- Surah al-Hashr me farmaya, Aur (Aye Musalmano dekhna!) tum unn logon ki tarah na ho jana, jinhone Allah Ta’ala ko bhula diya, to Allah Ta’ala ne unhe apne aap se ghafil kar diya, yehi log hain jo fasiq hain.[3]
- Surah al-Maidah me farmaya, Aur injeel walon ko, ya Bible walon ko chahiye ke, jo ahkamaat Allah Ta’ala ne uss me nazil kiye hain, uss ke mutabiq faisla karein, aur jo Allah ke nazil karda ahkamaat ke mutabiq faisla na karega, to aise log faasiq hain, na-farmaan hain, Allah Ta’ala ke muqarrar karda hadood se aagay nikal gaye hain.[4]
- Surah at-Tauba me farmaya, Munfaiq mard aur Munafiq auratein sab ek doosre me se hain, ye buray kaam karne ka hukum dete hain aur nek kaam karne se roktay hain, mana karte hain, aur (Allah ki raah me) kharch karne se apne hathon ko roktay hain, unhone Allah ko bhula diya to Allah ne unhe bhula diya, beshak Munafiq na-farmaan hain, fasiq hain.[5]
- Surah al-Maidah me farmaya, …wo log jo qurbani karte hain, kisi buth ke liye ya kisi khaas jagah par jo shirk ke liye mash’hoor ho aur jo log apni qismat maloom karte hain paason ke zariye, fasiq hain, na-farmaan hain…[6]
- Surah al-An’am me farmaya, jis cheez par Allah ka naam na liya gaya ho, wo cheez khana gunah ka kaam hai…[7]
- Ya …Allah ke siway kisi aur ka naam liya gaya ho, aise janwar ka gosht khana bhi gunah hai…[8]
- Qarz ke conditions likhne ke ahkamaat ke sath farmaya ke, …Contract banane walay clerk ko aur jo contract ke gawah hain ko nuqsan na pahunchaya jaye, aur agar koi aisa karta hai to ye gunah ki baat hai…[9]
- Allah se na-farmani karne, gunah ke kaam karne walay yani faasiq ki kya saza hai?
- Surah al-Isra me farmaya, Jab hum kisi qaum ko ya kisi basti ko halak karne ka irada karte hain, to Hum wahan ke khush-haal logon ko hukum dete hain, to wo khoob na-farmani karne lagte hain, aur unn par azaab ka hukum sabit ho jaata hai, aur Hum uss ko nayst-o-nabood kar dete hain, tabah kar dete hain.[10]
- Surah as-Sajdah me farmaya, Aur jin logon ne na-farmani ki, unn ke rehne ke liye dozakh ki aag hai, aur unn se kaha jayega ke, jis dozakh ke azaab ko tum jhuttlaaya karte thay, uss aag ka maza chakho.[11]
- To Allah se na-farmani karne ki saza iss duniya me barbaadi hai, aur aakhirat me rehne ke liye dozakh ki aag hai.
- Allah ki hudood se bahar nikalna wabasta hai;
- Kufr se wabasta hai,[12]
- Na-farmani se,[13]
- Allah ki nazil karda ayaat ko Jhuttlaane se,[14]
- Seedhay raaste se bhattak jaane se,[15]
- Zulm se,[16]
- Ghuroor se, ya takabbur se wabasta hai.[17]
- Iss lafz ke jo opposites hain;
- Iman laana, nek amaal karna,[18] aur
- Hidayat par qayem rehna hai.[19]
- Ab jo ayat aa rahi hai, wo bohot hi relevant hai aaj kal ke halath ke aitebaar se, fake news factories se bachne ka tareeqa bataya ja raha hai;
- Surah al-Hujuraat ki 6tti ayat me farmaya,
يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا
- Aye logo jo imaan laaye ho!
- Yahan Musalmaano ko mukhatib kiya ja raha hai, yani ke hume address kiya ja raha hai,
اِنۡ جَآءَكُمۡ فَاسِقٌ ۢ بِنَبَاٍ
- Agar koi fasiq, tumhare paas khabar le kar aaye,
فَتَبَيَّنُوۡۤا
- To khoob tehqeeq kar liya karo,
- Aagay iss ki wajah batai ja rahi hai ke,
- Kahin aisa na ho ke, tum kisi giroh ko nadani se nuqsan pahuncha do, phir tum ko apne kiye par nadim hona paday.[20]
- To ab yahan sawal ye paida hota hai ke, fasiq kaun hai ye kaisa pata chalega?
- Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke zamane me to qabeele huwa karte thay, aur logon ko maloom tha, Musalman qabile kaunse hain aur ghair-Muslim kaun se hain.
- Aur khabar to aam taur par musafir laya karte thay, baddu’on ke paas khabar hoti thi,
- To yahan bataya ja raha hai ke, kis par bharosa karna chahiye aur kis par nahi.
- Lekin, aaj ke zamane me, fasiq kaun hain?
- Pichle dars me humne suna tha ke, logon ki aksariyat fasiq hai, gunahgaar hai, kaafir hai, aksariyat shukr ada nahi karti.
- Hum doosron ki baat nahi karte hain, apna jaiza khud lete hain, to bataiyye aaj hum me se kaun hai jo;
- Allah ki qayem karda hudood se bahar nahi hai?
- Hum me se kaun hain jo, apna har mamela Allah ki kitab ki roshni me tayy kar rahe hain? Uss ke rasool ki sunnat ke mutabiq tayy kar rahe hain?
- Hum me se kaun hai jo, Allah ke zikr se ghafil nahi hain?
- Hum me se kaun hai jo, neki ka hukum de rahe hain aur burai se rok rahe hain?
- Kya aaj hum ghalat jagahon par ja kar qurbaniyan nahi kar rahe hain?
- Kya aaj hum apni qismat maloom karne ki koshish nahi kar rahe hain? Aur uss ke liye aise logon ke paas ja rahe hain, jis ke paas jaane se aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne mana kiya tha.
- Kya aaj hum haram ko halal nahi kar liye hain?
- Kya aaj hum sood ko apne ooper halal nahi kar liye hain?
- To hum kis par bharosa kar sakte hain, balke hum hi ghalat news phaila rahe hain.
- WhatsApp groups ko ek nazar dekh lijiye, pata chal jayega, bina tehqeeq ke kuch bhi forward karte chale ja rahe hain.
- Who is going to save us from ourselves wali baat ho gayi hai,
- Aye logo jo iman laye ho, agar koi fasiq, tumhare paas khabar le kar aaye, to khoob tehqeeq kar liya karo…
- Lekin aaj hum uss waqt me hai, jab ke qiyamat ki ghadi qareeb hai, aur iss daur me deen par chalna bohot mushkil ho gaya hai, sood se bachna, gunahon se bachna bohot hi mushkil hai. Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne ek hadith me farmaya, ek waqt ayega ke deen par chalna apne hath me jalta huwa angara pakadne ke barabar hoga.[21]
- Ek aur hadith me Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne Sahaba (رضي الله عنهم) se farmaya, beshak, tum aise waqt me ho, jab ke jo bhi tumhe hukum diya ja raha hai, uss ka daswaan hissa bhi chhorrh do, 10% bhi amal na karo to tumhari pakkad ho jaye, ya tum barbaad ho jaoge kaha, phir ek waqt aisa ayega, jab ke ahkamaat ka 10% bhi wo kar lein to wo bach jayenge.[22]
Iss lafz par jo ahadith aye hain, unn me;
- Muwatta Imam Malik ki hadith, Abdullah ibn az-Zubair kaha karte thay ke, Jaan lo ke pura Arafah ek khaday hone ki jagah hai siwaye darmiyani Urana ke, aur pura Muzdalifa ek khaday hone ki jagah hai siwaye darmiyani Wadi-e-Muhassir ke, yani Muhassir Valley ke,
- Imam Malik kehte hain ke, Allah Ta’ala Quran me farmata hai ke, Haj ke dauraan, auraton se koi sexual relation nahi rakh sakte, yani biwi se nahi mil sakte,
- Har haji, arafati bhai ya behen ho jaate hain,
- Aur na koi bura kaam kare, yahan lafz-e-fusooq aya hai, na koi na-farmani hogi, na koi gunah ka kaam kare, bohot hi careful rehna hota hai,
- Sunan an-Nasai ki hadith, Kisi musalman ko gaali dena Allah ki tayy karda hudood se aagay badhna hai, aur kisi musalman se ladhna ya jung karna kufr hai.[25]
- Sahih al-Bukhari ki hadith, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya, jab koi musalman kisi doosre musalman par gunah ya kufr ka ilzaam lagata hai, to agar jis par tohmat lagai gayee hai, uss ne wo gunah ya kufr ka kaam nahi kiya hai, to kehne wala gunahgaar ya kafir hai.[26]
- Muwatta Imam Malik ki ek hadith me, Baaghi ya sarkash ke maane aaye hain.[27]
- Bukhari aur Muslim ki hadith, jis me fasiq ke maane harmful ya nuqsaan deh ke aaye hain, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya, paanch qism ke janwar nuqsan deh hain aur Haram ki ya Makkah ki muqaddas sarzameen mein unhen qatl kiya ja sakta hai. Ye janwar hain:
- kawwa,
- cheel,
- bichu,
- chuha aur
- pagal kutta.[28]
- Jami at-Tirmidhi ki hadith, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne Banu An-Nadir ke khajoor ke darakhton ko jalane aur kaatne ka hukm diya, aur uss jagah ka naam Al-Buwairah tha. To Allah ne yeh ayat nazil ki: Jo khajoor ke derakht aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne kaate ya baaz ko unn ke tanno par khada rehne diya, yeh Allah ki ijazat se tha, aur taakay woh sarkash qaum ko ruswa kare.[29]
- Issi silsilay me Abu Dawood ki hadith, Surah Maidah ki ye teen ayaat,
- Beshak, Hum ne tauraait nazil ki, jis me hidayat aur noor tha ya roshni thi, ussi ke mutabiq anbiya aur jo Allah ke farma-bardar thay yahoodiyon ko hukum dete thay, aur mashaikh aur ulama bhi (ussi par yani taurait ke zariye faisle karte thay), to tum logon se matt darna aur mujhi se darte rehna aur meri aayaton ke badle thodi si qeemat na lena aur jo Allah ke nazil kiye huwe ahkaam ke mutabiq faisla na de to aise hi log kaafir hain,[30]
- Aur humne unn logon ke liye taurait me ye hukum likh diya tha ke, jaan ke badle jaan aur aankh ke badle aankh aur naak ke badle naak aur kaan ke badle kaan aur daant ke badle daant aur iss tarah zakhmon ka badla bhi hoga barabar ka, phir jo koi uss ko maaf kar de to ye uss ke liye (gunahon ka) kaffara hoga aur jo faisle nahi karte, Allah ki utaari huwi sharee’at ke mutabiq wohi to zalim hain,[31]
- Aur inn paighambaron ke baad, unhi ke qadmon par Hum ne Isa ibn Maryam (عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَام) ko bheja, jo apne se pehle ki kitab taurait ki tasdeeq karte thay aur unn ko injeel inaayat ki jis me hidayat aur noor tha, aur taurait ki jo uss se pehli kitab thi, tasdeeq karti thi aur muttaqi logon ko raah batati aur naseehat karti thi,[32]
- Aur ahle injeel ko chahiye ke, jo ahkaam Allah ne uss me nazil kiye hain, uss ke mutabiq hukum diya kare aur jo Allah ke nazil kiye huwe ahkaam ke mutabiq hukum na de, faisla na sunaye, to aise log fasiq hain, na-farmaan hain.[33]
- Inn ayaat ke baare me, Ibn Abbas (رضي الله عنه) farmaate hain ke, ye yahoodiyon ke mutalliq nazil huwi aur khaas taur par Bani Quraiza aur Bani an-Nadir ki shaan me nazil huwi.[34]
- Banu an-Nadir ka gunah ye tha ke, unhone Madina ke constitution, Madina ke qanoon ko maane ke baad ghaddari karte huwe, Madina par hamlay ke liye Quraish ka sath diya,
- To unhe Madina se bahar nikaal diya gaya, unn ki jo property thi usay unhi ke hathon aur momino ke hathon khatam kar diya gaya.
- To unn ki iss baghawat aur na-farmani ki saza unhe mili.
- al-Adab al-Mufrad ki hadith, Hasan al-Basri (رحمه اللَّه) se riwayat hai, tumhare aur fasiq ke darmiyaan koi ihteraam nahi.[35]
- Sunan Ibn Majah ki hadith, Amir bin Abdullah bin Zubair farmate hain ke, unhone apne walid Abdullah bin Zubair (رضي الله عنه) ko farmate suna ke, sirf chaar saal guzre unn logon ke Musalman honay aur inn ayaat ke nazil honay ke darmiyan, jis me Allah Ta’ala unn ki tanbeeh kar raha hai;
- Kya abhi tak Mominon ke liye, iss ka waqt nahi aya ke, Allah ki yaad karne ke waqt aur Quran jo khuda-e-barhaq ki taraf se nazil huwa hai, uss ke sunne ke waqt unn ke dil narm ho jaye aur wo unn logon ki tarah na ho jaye, jin ko (unn se) pehle kitabein di gayee thi.n – phir unn par taweel muddat guzar gayee to unn ke dil sakht ho gaye aur unn me se aksar fasiq hain, na-farmaan hain.[36]
- Sunan an-Nasai ki hadith, Umar (رضي الله عنه) farmate hain ke, Jab Abdullah bin Ubay bin Saloul (jo Madina me munafiqon ka saradar tha) marr gaya, to Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko bulaya gaya, takay aap uss ki namaz-e-janazah parrhein,
- Jab Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) namaz parrhne ke liye khaday huwe to main tezi se aap ki taraf badha, aur arz kiya, Ya Rasoolullah! Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Abdullah ibn Ubayy ki namaz-e-janazah parrhenge?
- Jab ke fulan din wo aisa aisa keh raha tha, maine uss ki tamam batein aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) par ginaane laga,
- To aap muskuraye, aur farmaya, Aye Umar! Inn baton ko jaane do,
- Jab maine kaafi israar kiya, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya, mujhe ikhtiyar diya gaya hai, namaaz parrhoon ya na parrhoon, to maine parrhna pasand kiya, agar main ye jaanta ke, sattar (70) baar se zyada istighfaar karne par iss ki maghfirat ho jayegi, to main zyada baar istighfaar karta,
- Ye kis ke baare me Rahmatulil alameen (صلى الله عليه وسلم) farma rahe hain, munafiqon ke sardar ke baare me, jo zindagi bhar aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko sataya aur har important masle me dhoka diya, aur khoob na-farmaniyan ki, uss Abdullah bin Ubbay ke baare me, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) keh rahe hain ke, uss ke liye jitni baar istighfaar karne ki zaroorat hai, istighfaar karoonga,
- Chunache, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne uss ki namaz-e-janazah parrh kar lautte, itne me Surah at-Tauba ki do ayaat nazil hogayi,
- Aur Aye Nabi (صلى الله عليه وسلم) unn me se koi jab marr jayen to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) uss ki namaz-e-janazah kabhi bhi na parrhna, aur na uss ki qabr par khaday hona, iss liye ke unhone Allah aur uss ke Rasool ka inkaar kiya hai, aur gunahgaar ho kar, fasiq ho kar maray hain,[37]
- Umar (رضي الله عنه) farmate hain ke, baad me mujhe Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke khilaaf apni uss din ki jurrat par hairat huwi, aur Allah aur uss ke Rasool khoob jaante hain ke ye jurrat maine kyun ki.[38]
Yahan aaj ka dars rok denge. Iss ayat ke doosre alfaaz ki tafseel Next Saturday In Sha Allah sunenge.
Al hamdulillahi Rabbil Alameen
Allahumma Silli wa Sallim wa Barik ala abdika wa rasoolika wa sayyidana Muhammad wa ala aalihi wa azwaajihi wa barik wa sallam
Rabbana aatina fid duniya…
References
[21] Anas ibn Malik reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “A time of patience will come to people in which adhering to one’s religion is like grasping a hot coal.”
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْتِي عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ الصَّابِرُ فِيهِمْ عَلَى دِينِهِ كَالْقَابِضِ عَلَى الْجَمْرِ
Grade: Sahih (al-Albani) | Reference: Hadith on Patience: When practicing Islam is like holding a hot coal (Tirmidhi)
[22] Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Verily, you are in a time when one who leaves a tenth of what he has been commanded is ruined. Then, there will be a time when one who practices a tenth of what he has been commanded is saved.”
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ فِي زَمَانٍ مَنْ تَرَكَ مِنْكُمْ عُشْرَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ هَلَكَ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي زَمَانٌ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْكُمْ بِعُشْرِ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ نَجَا
Grade: Sahih (al-Albani) | Reference: Hadith on Fitnah: Time will come when a little practice is salvation (Tirmidhi)
[24] Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa that Abdullah ibn az-Zubayr used to say, “”Know that the whole of Arafa is a standing-place except for the middle of Urana, and that the whole of Muzdalifa is a standing-place except for the middle of Muhassir.”” Malik said, “”Allah, the Blessed and Exalted says, ‘There is to be no rafath, no fusuq and no jidal during the hajj.’ “” (Sura 2 ayat 197). He added, “”Rafath is sexual relations with women, and Allah knows best. Allah, the Blessed and Exalted says, ‘Rafath with your women is permitted to you on the night of the fast.’ (Sura 2 ayat 197). Fusuq are sacrifices made to idols, and Allah knows best. Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says, ‘Or a fisq offered up to other than Allah.’ (Sura 2 ayat 197) Jidal (arguing) during the hajj refers to when the Quraysh used to stand near the mashar al-haram at Quzah in Muzdalifa, while the Arabs and others would stand at Arafa, and they would argue about who was the more correct. Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says, ‘And we appointed a method of sacrifice for every nation, which they followed, so let them not dispute with you about the matter, and call to your Lord. Surely you are on a straight guidance.’ (Sura 22 ayat 67) This is what jidal refers to in our opinion, and Allah knows best. This I have heard from the people of
knowledge.”
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ اعْلَمُوا أَنَّ عَرَفَةَ كُلَّهَا مَوْقِفٌ إِلاَّ بَطْنَ عُرَنَةَ وَأَنَّ الْمُزْدَلِفَةَ كُلَّهَا مَوْقِفٌ إِلاَّ بَطْنَ مُحَسِّرٍ . قَالَ مَالِكٌ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {فَلاَ رَفَثَ وَلاَ فُسُوقَ وَلاَ جِدَالَ فِي الْحَجِّ } قَالَ فَالرَّفَثُ إِصَابَةُ النِّسَاءِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ } قَالَ وَالْفُسُوقُ الذَّبْحُ لِلأَنْصَابِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {أَوْ فِسْقًا أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ بِهِ} . قَالَ وَالْجِدَالُ فِي الْحَجِّ أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا كَانَتْ تَقِفُ عِنْدَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ بِقُزَحَ وَكَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ وَغَيْرُهُمْ يَقِفُونَ بِعَرَفَةَ فَكَانُوا يَتَجَادَلُونَ يَقُولُ هَؤُلاَءِ نَحْنُ أَصْوَبُ وَيَقُولُ هَؤُلاَءِ نَحْنُ أَصْوَبُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ {لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنَا مَنْسَكًا هُمْ نَاسِكُوهُ فَلاَ يُنَازِعُنَّكَ فِي الأَمْرِ وَادْعُ إِلَى رَبِّكَ إِنَّكَ لَعَلَى هُدًى مُسْتَقِيمٍ} فَهَذَا الْجِدَالُ فِيمَا نُرَى وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ .
Reference: Muwatta Malik Book 20, Hadith 176
[25] It was narrated from Shu’bah, from Abu Ishaq who said: “I heard Abu Al-Ahwas (narrate) that ‘Abdullah said: ‘Defaming a Muslim is evildoing and fighting him is Kufr.'” So Aban said to him: “O Abu Ishaq! You heard it only from Abu Al-Ahwas?” He said: “Rather, I heard it from Al-Aswad and Hubairah.”
أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ سِبَابُ الْمُسْلِمِ فِسْقٌ وَقِتَالُهُ كُفْرٌ . فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبَانُ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ أَمَا سَمِعْتَهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ قَالَ بَلْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنَ الأَسْوَدِ وَهُبَيْرَةَ .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Sunan an-Nasa’i 4106
[26] Abu Dharr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, “When any Muslim accuses another Muslim of sin or of disbelief, the reproach rebounds upon the one who utters it, if the other person is not deserving of it.” [Al- Bukhari] .
وعن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: “لا يرمي رجل رجلا بالفسق أو الكفر، إلا ارتدت عليه، إن لم يكن صاحبه كذلك” ((رواه البخاري)).
Grade: Sahih | Reference: Riyad as-Salihin 1560
[27] Malik related to me that he heard that Umar ibn al-Khattab wanted to go to Iraq, and Kabal-Ahbar said to him, “Do not go there, amir al-muminin. There is nine-tenths of sorcery there and it is the place of the rebellious jinn and the disease which the doctors are unable to cure.”
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَقَالَ لَهُ كَعْبُ الأَحْبَارِ لاَ تَخْرُجْ إِلَيْهَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّ بِهَا تِسْعَةَ أَعْشَارِ السِّحْرِ وَبِهَا فَسَقَةُ الْجِنِّ وَبِهَا الدَّاءُ الْعُضَالُ .
Reference: Muwatta Malik Book 54, Hadith 30
[28] Narrated Aisha: Allah’s Apostle said, “Five kinds of animals are harmful and could be killed in the Haram (Sanctuary). These are: the crow, the kite, the scorpion, the mouse and the rabid dog.”
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ” خَمْسٌ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ كُلُّهُنَّ فَاسِقٌ ، يَقْتُلُهُنَّ فِي الْحَرَمِ الْغُرَابُ وَالْحِدَأَةُ وَالْعَقْرَبُ وَالْفَأْرَةُ وَالْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ ” .
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 1829
[29] Ibn Umar [may Allah be pleased with him] said: “The Messenger of Allah ordered burning and cutting down the date palms of Banu An-Nadir, and that (place was called Al-Buwairah. So Allah revealed: What you cut down of the Linah, or you left of them standing on their trunks, it was by the leave of Allah, and in order that He might disgrace the rebellious.”
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، رضى الله عنهما قَالَ حَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَخْلَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقَطَّعَ وَهِيَ الْبُوَيْرَةُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : (ما قَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ لِينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَائِمَةً عَلَى أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِيَ الْفَاسِقِينَ ) . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3302
[34] Ibn ‘Abbas said: “If any do fail to judge (by the light of) what Allah has revealed, they are (no better than) unbelievers” up to “wrongdoers” (al-Maidah: 44-47). These three verses were revealed about the Jews, particularly about Quraizah and al-Nadir.
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى الرَّمْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَبِي الزَّرْقَاءِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ { وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ } إِلَى قَوْلِهِ { الْفَاسِقُونَ } هَؤُلاَءِ الآيَاتُ الثَّلاَثُ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْيَهُودِ خَاصَّةً فِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ .
Grade: Sahih (al-hadees.com) | Reference: Sunan Abi Dawud 3576
[35] Al-Hasan said, “There should be not sense of respect between you and a deviant person.”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ، وَمُعَلَّى، وَعَارِمٌ، قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: لَيْسَ بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ الْفَاسِقِ حُرْمَةٌ.
Grade: Sahih | Reference: Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 1018
[36] ‘Amir bin ‘Abdullah bin Zubair narrated that his father told him that there was no more than four years between their becoming Muslim and the revelation of this Verse, by which Allah reprimanded them: “Lest they become as those who received the Scripture before, and the term was prolonged for them and so their hearts were hardened? And many of them were rebellious.” [57:16]
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ الزَّمْعِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، أَنَّ عَامِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ إِسْلاَمِهِمْ وَبَيْنَ أَنْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ يُعَاتِبُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهَا إِلاَّ أَرْبَعُ سِنِينَ {وَلاَ يَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَطَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَمَدُ فَقَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَكَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ } .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Sunan Ibn Majah 4192
[38] It was narrated that ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab said: “When ‘Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Soul died, the Messenger of Allah was called upon to offer the funeral prayer for him. When the Messenger of Allah stood up (to offer the prayer), I got up quickly and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah Are you going to pray for Ibn Ubayy when he said such-and-such an occasion?’ And I stated to list all the things that he had said. The Messenger of Allah smiled and said: ‘Leave me alone, O ‘Umar.’ When I spoke too much he said: ‘I have been given the choice and I have chosen (to offer the prayer for him). If I knew that he could be forgiven by asking Allah’s forgiveness more than seventy times, I would have done so.’ The Messenger of Allah offered the funeral prayer for him, and then left. A short while later, the two Verses form surah Bara were revealed: ‘And never pray (funeral prayer) for any of them (hypocrites) who dies, nor stand at his grave. Certainly they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger, and died while they were rebellious.’ Later I was astonished by my audacity toward the Messenger of Allah on that day. And Allah and His Messenger know best.”
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حُجَيْنُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَىِّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ دُعِي لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لِيُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَثَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُصَلِّي عَلَى ابْنِ أُبَىٍّ وَقَدْ قَالَ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا أُعَدِّدُ عَلَيْهِ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَ ” أَخِّرْ عَنِّي يَا عُمَرُ ” . فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ ” إِنِّي قَدْ خُيِّرْتُ فَاخْتَرْتُ فَلَوْ عَلِمْتُ أَنِّي لَوْ زِدْتُ عَلَى السَّبْعِينَ غُفِرَ لَهُ لَزِدْتُ عَلَيْهَا ” . فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَلَمْ يَمْكُثْ إِلاَّ يَسِيرًا حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الآيَتَانِ مِنْ بَرَاءَةَ { وَلاَ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلاَ تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ } فَعَجِبْتُ بَعْدُ مِنْ جُرْأَتِي عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Sunan an-Nasa’i 1966